ForMatter/Materials/metal/Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V)
mat_titanium_grade9

Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V)

alpha-beta titanium alloy · Ti-3-2.5, Grade 9 Ti, ASTM B348 Grade 9, 3Al-2.5V titanium
highlast updated 2026-04-26
metallic 0.00
hue shift +0°

Titanium with small additions of aluminum and vanadium — stronger than commercially pure titanium, still weldable, the standard for premium bicycle frames and aerospace tubing. Sometimes called the 'half-strength Ti-6Al-4V.' Familiar to frame-builders as Reynolds 631 or Sandvik tube sets.

Alpha-beta titanium alloy with 3% Al and 2.5% V. Cold-formable (unlike Ti-6Al-4V), weldable, ~50% stronger than commercially pure titanium. Yield 480 MPa, modulus 110 GPa. Standard tubing for high-end bicycle frames (Litespeed, Moots, Lynskey, Seven Cycles), aerospace hydraulic lines.

mechanical

  • tensile_strength_mpa620
  • yield_strength_mpa480
  • elastic_modulus_gpa110
  • elongation_pct15
  • density_kg_m34480
source: MakeItFrom; ASTM B348

thermal

  • melting_point_c1700
  • thermal_conductivity_w_mk8

Sustainability

  • embodied carbon kg co2e per kg38.0
  • sourceEditorial estimate from ICE / Granta CES EduPack class databases — industry mean, with cradle-to-gate boundary unless otherwise noted. Embodied carbon for any specific product depends on supplier mix, recycled content, and energy grid; verify against a primary source before using these numbers in a sustainability claim.
  • recyclabilityhigh — alloy content does not preclude clean recovery
  • biodegradableFalse
  • certificationsASTM F1295 (medical implant)
visual
silver-gray, anodizes to color (purple/blue/gold/green) in electrolyte
tactile
smooth; surprisingly warm-feeling for a metal (low thermal conductivity)
weight perception
moderate — distinctly lighter than steel for same volume
acoustic
characteristic dead, slightly muted ring — frame-builders identify titanium tube by tap

PBR starter values

Principled BSDF defaults derived from the sphere metallic finish. Reasonable seed for Blender, Substance, Keyshot, Rhino — tune per material.

# finish:      metallic
albedo        #b0b0a8
metallic      1.00
roughness     0.25
ior           1.45
transmission  0.00
clearcoat     0.00
sheen         0.00
anisotropic   0.00
copy as JSON 
{
  "albedo": "#b0b0a8",
  "metallic": 1.0,
  "roughness": 0.25,
  "ior": 1.45,
  "transmission": 0.0,
  "clearcoat": 0.0,
  "sheen": 0.0,
  "anisotropic": 0.0
}
Blender 4.x Python 
# Blender 4.x — Principled BSDF
# Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) · finish: metallic
import bpy
mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="mat_titanium_grade9")
mat.use_nodes = True
bsdf = mat.node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"]
bsdf.inputs["Base Color"].default_value         = (0.4342, 0.4342, 0.3916, 1.0)
bsdf.inputs["Metallic"].default_value           = 1.000
bsdf.inputs["Roughness"].default_value          = 0.250
bsdf.inputs["IOR"].default_value                = 1.450
bsdf.inputs["Transmission Weight"].default_value = 0.000
bsdf.inputs["Coat Weight"].default_value        = 0.000
bsdf.inputs["Sheen Weight"].default_value       = 0.000
bsdf.inputs["Anisotropic"].default_value        = 0.000
KeyShot Python (lux) 
# KeyShot 11+ — lux Python API, Generic material
# Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) · finish: metallic
# Run from Window → Scripting Console
import lux
mat = lux.createMaterial(name="mat_titanium_grade9", materialType="Generic")
mat.setProperty("diffuse",      (176, 176, 168))   # 8-bit sRGB
mat.setProperty("metallic",     1.000)
mat.setProperty("roughness",    0.250)
mat.setProperty("indexOfRefraction", 1.450)
mat.setProperty("transparency", 0.000)
mat.setProperty("coatingWeight", 0.000)
Substance pbrMetalRough 
{
  "_format": "Substance Designer / Painter \u2014 pbrMetalRough constants",
  "_about": "Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) \u00b7 finish: metallic",
  "baseColor": {
    "r": 0.4342,
    "g": 0.4342,
    "b": 0.3916
  },
  "metallic": 1.0,
  "roughness": 0.25,
  "ior": 1.45,
  "opacity": 1.0,
  "anisotropyLevel": 0.0,
  "_notes": "Channels listed are the standard Substance pbrMetalRough output. Drop into a Uniform Color node per channel, or as the constant input on a layered stack."
}
glTF 2.0 Metallic-Roughness 
{
  "asset": {
    "version": "2.0",
    "generator": "ForMatter"
  },
  "materials": [
    {
      "name": "mat_titanium_grade9",
      "pbrMetallicRoughness": {
        "baseColorFactor": [
          0.4342,
          0.4342,
          0.3916,
          1.0
        ],
        "metallicFactor": 1.0,
        "roughnessFactor": 0.25
      },
      "extensions": {
        "KHR_materials_ior": {
          "ior": 1.45
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
USD Preview Surface 
# USD Preview Surface — UsdShade.MaterialLook prim attributes
# Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) · finish: metallic
def Material "mat_titanium_grade9" {
    token outputs:surface.connect = </mat_titanium_grade9/PreviewSurface.outputs:surface>

    def Shader "PreviewSurface" {
        uniform token info:id = "UsdPreviewSurface"
        color3f inputs:diffuseColor = (0.4342, 0.4342, 0.3916)
        float   inputs:metallic     = 1.000
        float   inputs:roughness    = 0.250
        float   inputs:ior          = 1.450
        float   inputs:opacity      = 1.000
        float   inputs:clearcoat    = 0.000
        token   outputs:surface
    }
}
↓ download glTF material
ProcessTIG Welding · CNC Milling · Tube Butting
Used inBicycle frame
Substitutes
Titanium Grade 2 (Commercially Pure)
Steel 4130 (Chromoly)
Aluminum 6061

Citations