ForMatter/Materials/metal/Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)
mat_titanium_grade5_6al4v

Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)

α-β titanium alloy, aerospace-standard · Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5, TC4, ASTM B265 Grade 5
highlast updated 2026-04-27
metallic 0.00
hue shift +0°

The titanium alloy that dominates the titanium-alloy tonnage worldwide — 6% aluminum, 4% vanadium, balance Ti. Twice as strong as commercially-pure titanium and only marginally heavier. The standard jet-engine fastener metal, the standard medical-implant alloy, the standard high-end mountain-bike frame metal, and the only aerospace material that keeps making sense in the same room as the words "weight budget."

Two-phase α-β titanium alloy per ASTM B265 / B381 / F136. HCP α + BCC β microstructure tunable through solution treatment + aging (STA temper raises tensile strength to 1100 MPa). Density 4.43 g/cm³. Liquidus 1660 °C. Vickers ~340 HV annealed, ~380 HV STA. Galls badly during machining; requires sharp tools, low surface speeds, copious coolant. Over 70% of all titanium-alloy grades melted are a sub-grade of Ti-6Al-4V — the alloy is the dominant titanium substrate for additive metal (DMLS / SLM / EBM) as well.

mechanical

  • tensile_strength_mpa_annealed950
  • tensile_strength_mpa_sta1100
  • yield_strength_mpa_annealed880
  • elongation_pct_annealed14
  • hardness_vickers_annealed340
  • density_kg_m34430
source: ASTM B265; AMS 4928

thermal

  • liquidus_c1660
  • thermal_conductivity_w_mk6.7
source: CRC Handbook

Sustainability

  • embodied carbon kg co2e per kg47
  • sourceEditorial estimate from ICE / Granta CES EduPack class databases — industry mean, with cradle-to-gate boundary unless otherwise noted. Embodied carbon for any specific product depends on supplier mix, recycled content, and energy grid; verify against a primary source before using these numbers in a sustainability claim.
  • embodied carbon recycled kg co2e per kg9
  • recyclabilityhigh but harder than CP grades — the V content requires segregated scrap streams to preserve grade
  • biodegradableFalse
  • certificationsASTM F136 (medical implant grade), AMS 4928 (aerospace bar), ISO 5832-3
visual
silver-gray as machined, accepts anodizing but with a less saturated palette than commercially-pure grades
tactile
stiff, light for its strength
weight perception
light

PBR starter values

Principled BSDF defaults derived from the sphere metallic finish. Reasonable seed for Blender, Substance, Keyshot, Rhino — tune per material.

# finish:      metallic
albedo        #7a808a
metallic      1.00
roughness     0.25
ior           1.45
transmission  0.00
clearcoat     0.00
sheen         0.00
anisotropic   0.00
copy as JSON 
{
  "albedo": "#7a808a",
  "metallic": 1.0,
  "roughness": 0.25,
  "ior": 1.45,
  "transmission": 0.0,
  "clearcoat": 0.0,
  "sheen": 0.0,
  "anisotropic": 0.0
}
Blender 4.x Python 
# Blender 4.x — Principled BSDF
# Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) · finish: metallic
import bpy
mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="mat_titanium_grade5_6al4v")
mat.use_nodes = True
bsdf = mat.node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"]
bsdf.inputs["Base Color"].default_value         = (0.1946, 0.2159, 0.2542, 1.0)
bsdf.inputs["Metallic"].default_value           = 1.000
bsdf.inputs["Roughness"].default_value          = 0.250
bsdf.inputs["IOR"].default_value                = 1.450
bsdf.inputs["Transmission Weight"].default_value = 0.000
bsdf.inputs["Coat Weight"].default_value        = 0.000
bsdf.inputs["Sheen Weight"].default_value       = 0.000
bsdf.inputs["Anisotropic"].default_value        = 0.000
KeyShot Python (lux) 
# KeyShot 11+ — lux Python API, Generic material
# Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) · finish: metallic
# Run from Window → Scripting Console
import lux
mat = lux.createMaterial(name="mat_titanium_grade5_6al4v", materialType="Generic")
mat.setProperty("diffuse",      (122, 128, 138))   # 8-bit sRGB
mat.setProperty("metallic",     1.000)
mat.setProperty("roughness",    0.250)
mat.setProperty("indexOfRefraction", 1.450)
mat.setProperty("transparency", 0.000)
mat.setProperty("coatingWeight", 0.000)
Substance pbrMetalRough 
{
  "_format": "Substance Designer / Painter \u2014 pbrMetalRough constants",
  "_about": "Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) \u00b7 finish: metallic",
  "baseColor": {
    "r": 0.1946,
    "g": 0.2159,
    "b": 0.2542
  },
  "metallic": 1.0,
  "roughness": 0.25,
  "ior": 1.45,
  "opacity": 1.0,
  "anisotropyLevel": 0.0,
  "_notes": "Channels listed are the standard Substance pbrMetalRough output. Drop into a Uniform Color node per channel, or as the constant input on a layered stack."
}
glTF 2.0 Metallic-Roughness 
{
  "asset": {
    "version": "2.0",
    "generator": "ForMatter"
  },
  "materials": [
    {
      "name": "mat_titanium_grade5_6al4v",
      "pbrMetallicRoughness": {
        "baseColorFactor": [
          0.1946,
          0.2159,
          0.2542,
          1.0
        ],
        "metallicFactor": 1.0,
        "roughnessFactor": 0.25
      },
      "extensions": {
        "KHR_materials_ior": {
          "ior": 1.45
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
USD Preview Surface 
# USD Preview Surface — UsdShade.MaterialLook prim attributes
# Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) · finish: metallic
def Material "mat_titanium_grade5_6al4v" {
    token outputs:surface.connect = </mat_titanium_grade5_6al4v/PreviewSurface.outputs:surface>

    def Shader "PreviewSurface" {
        uniform token info:id = "UsdPreviewSurface"
        color3f inputs:diffuseColor = (0.1946, 0.2159, 0.2542)
        float   inputs:metallic     = 1.000
        float   inputs:roughness    = 0.250
        float   inputs:ior          = 1.450
        float   inputs:opacity      = 1.000
        float   inputs:clearcoat    = 0.000
        token   outputs:surface
    }
}
↓ download glTF material
ProcessCNC Milling · Anodizing · TIG Welding · Laser Cutting · Sandblasting (Abrasive Blasting)
Substitutes
Titanium Grade 2 (Commercially Pure)
Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V)
Stainless Steel 316L

Citations