proc_laser_cutting

Laser Cutting

subtractive · CO2 laser cutting, fiber laser cutting, laser machining

A focused beam of light cuts material by burning, melting, or vaporizing along a line. Fast, accurate, no tool wear, no contact. The default for sheet acrylic, plywood, thin steel, and the production technique that runs in nearly every school shop and makerspace.

Thermal cutting using a focused high-power coherent light source. CO2 lasers (10.6 µm) cut organic and ceramic materials well; fiber lasers (1.06 µm) couple efficiently into metals. Edge quality depends on assist gas (oxygen for steel oxidation cut, nitrogen for inert metal cut), focal point, and feed rate.

Scale & Tolerance

  • scale (mm)1 – 3000
  • tolerance (mm)0.1
  • skillbeginner to intermediate — vector file in, part out; deeper tuning of speed/power/assist-gas for metal grades
  • costlow to moderate per part; capital cost moderate to high

Equipment

  • school_shopyes — Epilog, Trotec, Glowforge desktop CO2 systems are now common
  • professionalBystronic, Trumpf, Mazak fiber and CO2 platforms
  • industrialhigh-wattage Trumpf, Amada, Han's Laser flat-bed and tube cutters

Environmental

  • energy_usemoderate (electricity + assist gas)
  • waste_streamkerf vapor and fume — extraction required for plastics (HCl from PVC) and treated woods
  • consumableslens elements, assist gas, filter media

Citations